Container is a large standardized metal container that can load and transport items. It plays a pivotal role in the global cargo transportation system. The greatest success of containers lies in the standardization of their products and the establishment of a complete set of transportation systems based on this. It can standardize a colossal object weighing dozens of tons. Based on this, a logistics system supporting ships, ports, shipping routes, highways, transfer stations, bridges, tunnels, and multimodal transport on a global scale has been gradually realized. This can be regarded as one of the great miracles created by mankind in history. The standardization of containers not only improves its universality and interchangeability internationally but also greatly enhances the safety and economy of cargo transportation. Goods from different countries and regions can be conveniently transported and transferred through standardized containers, reducing the difficulties in loading, unloading, and transportation caused by specification differences. The widespread application of containers has promoted the development of international trade, enabling goods to circulate globally more efficiently and safely. Whether it is ordinary daily necessities or precision instruments and equipment, they can all be transported quickly and orderly through containers. Today, in the era of global economic integration, containers have become an important link connecting the economies of various countries and regions. It makes cargo transportation more convenient and efficient, reduces logistics costs, and provides strong support for enterprises to expand markets and improve competitiveness. In short, containers play an irreplaceable key role in the global cargo transportation system.
II. Common types and characteristics of containers
(I) Classification by cargo loaded
General cargo containers are suitable for loading general groceries such as daily necessities and textiles. They have a sturdy structure and strong versatility. Bulk cargo containers are mainly used for loading bulk cargo such as grain and cement, which are convenient for loading and unloading and transportation. Liquid cargo containers are designed specifically for transporting liquid cargo such as petroleum and chemicals and have good sealing and leak prevention measures. Refrigerated containers are suitable for transporting goods that require a certain temperature, such as food and pharmaceuticals, and can maintain a constant low-temperature environment.
(II) Classification by manufacturing material
Wooden containers have a low cost but poor strength and durability, and are easily affected by moisture and rot. Steel containers have high strength, a firm structure, and good watertightness, but are heavy and prone to rust. Aluminum alloy containers are light in weight, beautiful in appearance, and corrosion-resistant, but have a high cost and poor welding performance. Glass fiber reinforced plastic containers have high strength, good heat insulation, and corrosion resistance, but are relatively heavy. Stainless steel containers are sturdy and durable and have good rust resistance, but are relatively expensive.
(III) Classification by structure
Foldable containers are convenient for storage and transportation and save space, but their structure is relatively complex. Fixed containers have a stable structure and are widely used. Thin-shell containers are light in weight, can adapt to large torques, and are not easily deformed.
(IV) Classification by gross weight
30-ton containers usually carry heavier cargo and are suitable for transporting large cargo. 20-ton containers are mostly used for transporting general cargo. 10-ton containers are suitable for transporting lightweight cargo or small cargo.
(V) Classification by specification and size
The internal volume of a 20-foot container is approximately 33 cubic meters, and the maximum gross weight for loading is 28.25 tons. The internal volume of a 40-foot container is approximately 67 cubic meters, and the maximum gross weight for loading is 28.8 tons. The internal volume of a 45-foot container is larger, approximately 86 cubic meters.
(VI) Classification by container manufacturing material
Aluminum alloy container manufacturing materials are light in weight and beautiful, but have a high cost. Steel plate materials have high strength and are durable, but are heavy. Fiberboard materials have a low cost, but their strength and durability are limited. Glass fiber reinforced plastic materials are corrosion-resistant and have high strength, but are relatively heavy.
(VII) Classification by purpose
Dry cargo containers are the most common type and are used for loading general cargo. Refrigerated containers are used for transporting goods that need to be stored at low temperatures. Garment-on-hanger containers are suitable for transporting clothing. Open-top containers are convenient for loading and unloading large cargo. Frame containers are suitable for loading extremely long, wide, and overweight cargo. Tank containers are specially used for transporting liquid or gaseous cargo.
III. Purchase channels and considerations for container sales
(I) Purchase channels
Cooperating directly with professional container manufacturers can obtain customized products and professional advice, but the price may be relatively high. Dealers usually have a large supply of goods in stock and a wide selection range, but attention needs to be paid to their reputation and product sources. Internet platforms provide convenient search and comparison functions, but it is necessary to carefully choose reliable platforms and pay attention to verifying seller information and product descriptions. Auctions are a way to obtain containers. Sometimes there may be price advantages, but the bidding process requires certain experience and strategies. At the same time, it is necessary to understand the auction rules and the condition of the containers in advance.
(II) Considerations
Size is an important factor when purchasing containers. It is necessary to choose the appropriate size according to the volume of goods and transportation needs to avoid waste of space or inability to meet loading requirements. The material directly affects the durability and rust resistance of the container. For example, steel containers have high strength, and aluminum alloy containers are light and corrosion-resistant. The degree of newness is related to the remaining service life and maintenance cost of the container. Newer containers usually have better performance, but the price is also relatively high. Market demand has an impact on price and subsequent resale. Containers of popular specifications and types are more liquid in the market. In terms of quality, it is necessary to check whether the container body is damaged, deformed, leaking, etc., to ensure a stable structure. After-sales service includes maintenance, etc. Good after-sales service can provide guarantee for subsequent use. Price rationality not only needs to consider the purchase price but also comprehensively consider the above factors as well as potential costs such as transportation and modification.
IV. Process and precautions for container sales
(I) Sales process
Preparation work Conduct a comprehensive inspection of the container to be sold, including appearance, internal structure, door lock, ventilation equipment, etc., and record its condition. Prepare relevant materials of the container, such as manufacturing year, size specification, material, maintenance record, etc. Release information Choose an appropriate channel to release the sales information, such as professional container trading platforms, industry websites, social media, etc. Ensure that the information is accurate and detailed, including photos, descriptions, prices, and contact information of the container. Communication with potential buyers Reply to inquiries from potential buyers in a timely manner and answer their questions about the container. According to the buyer's needs, provide more container information and relevant supporting documents. Negotiate price and terms Negotiate important terms such as price, delivery method, and payment method with the buyer to reach an agreement. Sign a contract Formulate a detailed sales contract and clarify the rights and obligations of both parties. The contract should include detailed descriptions of the container, price, delivery time, quality assurance and other terms. Arrange transportation According to the contract agreement, arrange an appropriate transportation method and transportation company. Ensure the safety and integrity of the container during transportation. Collection and delivery After receiving the buyer's payment, deliver the container at the agreed time and place. Conduct final inspection and handover with the buyer to ensure mutual satisfaction.
(II) Precautions
Quality inspection Carefully inspect the overall structure of the container to ensure there is no damage, deformation, or cracks. Check whether the floor is sturdy and flat, and whether there is corrosion or damage. Check the performance of the door lock and seal to ensure it can be effectively locked and sealed. Legality and property rights certificate Confirm that the container has a legal property rights certificate and there is no property rights dispute. Understand relevant laws and regulations to ensure that the sales behavior is legal and compliant. Transportation and handling costs Clearly define the responsible party for transportation and handling costs in advance to avoid disputes later. Compare quotes from different transportation companies and choose cost-effective services. Insurance Consider purchasing transportation insurance for the container to reduce transportation risks. Understand insurance terms and compensation scope. Relevant procedures Handle the transfer procedures of the container to ensure complete procedures and standardized processes. Keep all transaction-related documents and records for future reference.
V. Current status and prospects of the container sales market
(I) Market status
At present, the global container market continues to expand. According to statistics, the number of newly built containers is constantly rising every year, and the trading volume of second-hand containers is also increasing day by day. In terms of competition pattern, suppliers of new and second-hand containers are in fierce competition. Newly built containers attract customers who focus on long-term use with quality advantages, while second-hand containers meet the needs of cost-sensitive customers with price advantages. Sales channels are diversified. The rise of online e-commerce platforms and second-hand trading platforms provides more choices for buyers and sellers. Traditional methods such as direct sales by manufacturers and intermediary agency still occupy a certain share. The customer groups cover many fields such as international trading companies, logistics companies, terminal operators, and warehousing enterprises. International trading companies rely on containers for cross-border cargo transportation. Logistics companies use them as core transportation tools. Terminal operators and warehousing enterprises use them for loading, unloading, and storage of goods.
(II) Prospects
With the gradual recovery of the global economy, international trade is expected to become more active, which will bring huge development potential to the container market. Technological innovation will also become a key factor driving the development of the container market. The application of new materials and new processes will improve the durability and safety of containers. The integration of intelligent technology will realize real-time monitoring and optimized scheduling of container transportation. In addition, the improvement of environmental protection requirements will prompt the container manufacturing and operation to develop in a green and sustainable direction, promoting the industry to adopt more energy-saving and low-carbon production and transportation methods. In the future, the container market is expected to continue to maintain a growth trend and continuously meet the increasingly diverse and complex logistics transportation needs. At the same time, market competition will also prompt enterprises to continuously innovate and optimize services to enhance their own competitiveness.
VI. Conclusion
In the field of container sales, fully understanding relevant knowledge is of crucial significance for both sellers and buyers. For sellers, being familiar with the characteristics and market demands of different types of containers can accurately position products, formulate reasonable price strategies, and push containers to the market through appropriate channels, thereby achieving rapid and efficient sales and obtaining good economic benefits. At the same time, strictly controlling the quality of containers and ensuring that the sold products meet relevant standards and customer requirements will help maintain their own business reputation. For buyers, in-depth understanding of various types of containers, purchase channels, key points of quality inspection, and relevant laws and regulations can help them choose containers that meet their own needs and budgets and avoid unnecessary risks and losses. In the transaction process, clarifying various terms and procedures can protect their legitimate rights and interests. In short, only when both buyers and sellers fully master the relevant knowledge of container sales can they make wise decisions in transactions, maximize the interests of both parties, and promote the healthy and orderly development of the container trading market.
