What is an international maritime NVOCC (NVOCC's scope of business)

Categories:

Solution

Time of issue：

2024-07-19 17:22

A non-ship carrier is a carrier in container transportation that operates container freight collection, packing, unpacking and inland transportation, and operates transit or inland station business, but does not operate ships. In Western countries, such carriers should be registered with the government shipping department and conduct their business activities under the supervision of the shipping department and shipping conferences. But their relationship with the shipping company is the relationship between the cargo and the ship. It is actually an intermediate carrier with a dual identity. To the real cargo owner, he is the carrier, but to the ship, he is the shipper.

NVOCC

Non-ship carrier, also known as non-ship public carrier, English Non-Vessel Operating Common Carrier, referred to as NVOCC. Related concepts are also the actual carrier (Actual Carrier) and the contracting carrier (Contracting Carrier).

The scope of business of the non-ship carrier.

Due to different economic and technical practices, whether at home or abroad, the scope of NVOCC's business is quite different. Some NVOCC also handle cargo declaration, cargo handover, short haul, cargo transfer and distribution, booking and agency business of various different modes of transportation, and some only handle one or several of them. In general, however, the main business of NVOCCs is:

1. As the carrier, enter into a contract of carriage with the shipper of the goods, issue a shipping document (bill of lading, consignment note), and be responsible for the carriage from the place of acceptance of the goods to the place of delivery of the goods at destination.

2. As the general carrier, organize the whole transportation of goods, formulate the whole transportation plan, and organize the implementation of various activities.

3. According to the shipper's requirements and the specific circumstances of the goods, negotiate with the actual carrier to determine the means of transport (booking).

4. Accept the goods from the shipper, organize or arrange the carriage to the port of export, conclude a contract of carriage (in my name), and hand over the goods to the sea carrier who has booked the cabin. In the above-mentioned handover process, the consignor handles customs clearance, inspection, tally and other procedures.

5. If necessary, handle the storage and delivery of goods.

6. Delivery of the goods to the consignee after acceptance of the goods from the sea carrier at the port of destination.

For cargo owners, it is much easier to hand over the goods to a non-ship carrier than to a carrier in the traditional sense, and the link of entrusting a freight forwarder can be omitted.

Classification of NVOCC

Depending on the scope and nature of their business, NVOCCs can be divided into the following three categories:

1. Carrier type.

Such non-ship carriers carry out transport activities on their own transport routes, accept the shipper's goods and issue bills of lading, and are liable for the loss and damage of the goods in the course of transport. In the actual business, he is the contractual carrier, not by himself to complete the transport, can only hand over the goods to the actual carrier for transport, and after accepting the goods at the destination, deliver the goods to the consignee.

2. Transporter type.

This type of NVOCC specializes in transshipment. They have their own branches (offices) or agents at the main transit and destination of the goods. They accept the goods from the shipper or the land transport carrier, issue the bill of lading, and then handle the successive transportation, transit and delivery of the goods to the sea carrier. The sea carrier completes the sea transportation, accepts the goods at the port of destination, and then delivers them to the consignee. The main difference between this type and the carrier type is that it does not limit the transport route, not only can choose the appropriate carrier, but also the most appropriate transport route.

At present, many shipping companies have a greater dependence on transshipment NVOCCs in terms of cargo collection. Therefore, transporters, while collecting goods for themselves and operating transshipment business, actively act as the agent of the carrier to handle the business of accepting and delivering goods, loading and unpacking, consigning and collecting freight on behalf of the carrier, and obtain income and freight difference from it.

3. Broker type.

In principle, such non-ship carriers do not provide transport services directly to the cargo owners after taking the goods of different cargo owners, but use the "wholesale" method, according to the mode of transport and the direction of flow, in batches to the non-ship carriers of the transshipment or carrier type, and they issue bills of lading. Because this practice has obvious characteristics of brokers, it is called broker-type.

NVOCC acting as a broker is a form of transportation service that has emerged in recent years. This type of NVOCC generally does not engage in specific business activities and actual service business, but only engages in transportation organization, distribution of goods, transportation methods and The choice of transportation routes and the improvement of services, and its income is mainly intermediary fees and freight differences due to "wholesale.

Freight forwarder commonly used calculation formula

General Administration of Customs Announcement: Adjustment of Requirements for Filling in Date of Deportation of Imported Goods