International air transport knowledge summary, collection and learning

Air freight is fast and safe. The punctual and ultra-high efficiency has won a considerable market, greatly shortened the delivery time, and played a great role in accelerating the capital turnover and circulation of the logistics supply chain. Major airlines have successively invested a large number of flights to divide the cake of freight. However, the cost of air transportation is higher than that of sea transportation, and the time requirement is high. The cost ratio of sea and air transportation is about 1:10.

Eight Elements of Air Freight Inquiry

1. Product name (whether it is dangerous)

2. Weight (involving charges), volume (size and whether it is soaked in goods)

3. Packaging (whether it is wooden box, with or without pallet)

4. Destination airport (whether basic point)

5. Time required (direct or transfer)

6. Requested flights (the service and price difference of each flight)

7. Types of bills of lading (master and sub-bills)

8. Required transportation services (customs declaration method, agent documents, whether customs clearance and delivery, etc.)

Air freight is divided into heavy cargo and soaked cargo. 1CBM=167KG The volume weight is compared with the actual weight. Whichever is larger is charged. Of course, there is a little secret in the air cargo, which should be known to the peers. It is not convenient to talk about it here. Manufacturers who don't understand can figure it out for themselves.

Air freight structure composition-did you know?

There are many people doing air freight. Do you know how airlines calculate air freight rates? A brief introduction, I hope it will be helpful to everyone.

Air freight rate composition:

1. Airfreight freight (charged by airlines)

2. Fuel sur charge (according to the airport, the price of the destination point is different, Hong Kong is now generally the first 4 yuan, before 3.6, last year the highest 4.8, the price is adjusted by the airport, generally 2 yuan to Asia)

3. Security inspection fee (Hong Kong charges 1 yuan/kg fixed fee)

4. Airport operation fee (HKD283/ticket for Hong Kong, the airport is responsible for transporting goods on the plane, etc.)

5. Terminal fee: 1.72/kg When the goods are handed over to the dealer, the dealer is responsible for the boarding and other things, which will eventually be collected by the airport)

6. The main air bill fee: HKD15/bl is the cost of issuing the bill of lading-the property certificate.

The above is the composition of the accounting fees of many airlines, mainly the Hong Kong Airport. Because Hong Kong is a super-large free trade port, and Hong Kong Airport is the world's largest airport, with few restrictions, a wide range, and many cargo planes. There are currently 78 airlines. There are more than 100 flights every day, and it can be the first choice if the cabin space and service are guaranteed. However, the cost is generally about 2 yuan higher than that in China!

Common air transport terms

ATA/ATD (Actual Time of Arrival / Actual Time of Departure)

Abbreviation for actual arrival/departure time.

Air Waybill (AWB) (Air Waybill)

A document issued by the shipper or in the name of the shipper is a proof of cargo transportation between the shipper and the carrier.

Unaccompanied baggage (Baggage, Unaccompanied)

Baggage that is not carried on the person but is checked in, and baggage that is checked in.

Bonded Warehouse

In this kind of warehouse, things can be stored without a deadline without paying import duties.

Bulk Cargo

Bulk cargo that has not been loaded on the pallet and loaded into the container.

CAO (Cargo for Freighter Only)

The abbreviation for "cargo aircraft only", which means that it can only be carried by cargo aircraft.

Shipping Fee (Charges Collect)

List the fees charged to the consignee on the air waybill.

Charges Prepaid

List the fees paid by the shipper on the air waybill.

Chargeable Weight

Used to calculate the weight of air freight. The chargeable weight can be the volumetric weight, or when the cargo is loaded in the vehicle, the total weight of the load is used to subtract the weight of the vehicle.

CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freightage)

Refers to "cost, insurance and freight", that is, C&F plus the seller's insurance for loss and damage to the goods. The seller must sign a contract with the insurer and pay the premium.

Consignee (Consignee)

The person whose name is listed on the air waybill and who receives the goods delivered by the carrier.

Consignment

The carrier receives one or more pieces of cargo from the shipper at a certain time and place and carries it to a certain destination with a single air waybill.

Consignor

Equivalent to the shipper.

Consolidated Consignment

A batch of goods composed of goods consigned by two or more shippers, and each shipper has signed an air freight contract with a consolidating agent.

Consolidator

A person or organization that gathers goods into a collection of goods.

COSAC (Community Systems for Air Cargo)

Abbreviation for "Gaozhi" computer system. It is the information and central logistics management computer system of Hong Kong Air Cargo Terminal Co., Ltd.

Customs

The government agency responsible for collecting import and export duties, suppressing smuggling and narcotics transactions and abuse (known as Hong Kong Customs in Hong Kong)

Customs Code (Customs Code)

The code added by the Hong Kong Customs (C&ED) for a batch of goods to indicate the result of customs clearance or what kind of customs clearance action is required by the operator/consignee of the cargo station.

Customs Clearance

Customs procedures that must be completed for the transportation or pickup of goods at the place of origin, transit and destination.

Dangerous Goods

Dangerous goods refer to items or substances that may pose a major threat to health, safety or property when transported by air.

Declared Value for Carriage

The value of the goods declared by the shipper to the carrier is to determine the freight or to set the carrier’s liability for loss, damage or delay.

Declared Value for Customs

Applicable to the value of goods declared to the customs for the purpose of verifying the amount of tariffs.

Advance payment (Disbursements)

The fee paid by the carrier to the agent or other carriers, and then collected by the final carrier from the consignee. These fees are usually charged to pay the freight and miscellaneous fees paid by the agent or other carriers for transporting the goods.

EDIFACT (Electronic Data Interchange for Administration, Commerce and Transportation)

It is an abbreviation for "management, commerce, and transportation electronic data interchange." EDIFACT is an international standard for message syntax for electronic data exchange.

Embargo (Embargo)

Refers to the carrier's refusal to carry any goods, any type or grade of goods on any route or part of the routes or accept transfers to and from any region or place within a certain period of time.

ETA/ETD (Estimated Time of Arrival / Estimated Time of Departure)

Abbreviation for estimated time of arrival/departure.

Export License

A government license document that permits the holder (shipper) to export designated commodities to a specific destination.

FIATA (Federation Internationale des Associations de Transitaires et Assimilées)

FIATA Licensee-Licensed to issue FIATA documents in Hong Kong [FIATA Bill of Lading (FBL) as Shipper and Forwarders Certificate of Receipt (FCR)] [FIATA Bill of Lading (FBL) "as Carrier" & Forwarders Certificate of Member of Receipt (FCR)]. Protected by freight forwarder liability insurance (minimum liability limit: US$250,000).

FOB (Free on Board)

Under the condition of "delivery on board", the goods are shipped by the seller at the port of shipment specified in the sales contract. The risk of loss or damage to the goods is transferred to the buyer when the goods pass the ship's rail (that is, after leaving the dock and being placed on the ship), and the loading and unloading fees are paid by the seller.

FOB Airport (FOB Airport)

This term is similar to the general FOB term. After the seller delivers the goods to the air carrier at the departure airport, the risk of loss is transferred from the seller to the buyer.

Forwarder

An agent or company that provides services (such as receiving, transferring, or delivering) to guarantee and assist in the transportation of goods.

Gross Weight

The total weight of the shipment, including the weight of the container and packaging materials.

HAFFA (Hong Kong Air Freight Forwarding Association)

The abbreviation of Hong Kong Freight Industry Association Limited (HAFFA), founded in 1966, is a non-profit organization that promotes, protects and develops Hong Kong's cargo transportation industry.

Freight forwarder air waybill (ie: freight house waybill) (HAWB) (House Air Waybill)

This document includes a single piece of cargo in the assembled cargo, which is issued by the consolidator of the mixed cargo, and includes instructions to the dismantling agent.

IATA (International Air Transport Association)

Abbreviation for International Air Transport Association. IATA is an organization of the air transport industry, providing services to airlines, passengers, cargo owners, travel service agents and governments. The association aims to promote the safety and standardization of air transportation (baggage inspection, air tickets, weight lists), and to assist in the approval of international air transportation charges. IATA is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland.

Import Licence

A government license document permitting the licensee (consignee) to import designated commodities.

Marks

The packaging of the goods is marked with a mark used to identify the goods or indicate relevant information about the owner of the goods.

Air Waybill (Master Air Waybill)

This is an air waybill that includes a batch of consolidated cargo, and the consignor of the cargo is listed as the consignor.

Neutral Air Waybill

A standard air waybill without a designated carrier.

Perishable Cargo

Goods that are perishable within a certain period of time or under unfavorable temperature, humidity or other environmental conditions.

Prepacked Cargo

Goods that have been packed in a carrier by the shipper before being submitted to the cargo terminal operator.

Reception Checklist List

A document issued by the operator of the freight station when receiving the shipper’s goods.

Regulated Agent Regime

It is a system by which the government conducts security inspections on all air freight forwarders.

Shipment Release Form

A document issued by the carrier to the consignee to pick up the goods from the operator of the freight station.

Shipper

The person or company designated in the cargo transportation contract to deliver the goods to the consignee.

Live animals/dangerous goods Shipper's Certificate for live animals/dangerous goods

A statement made by the shipper-a statement that the goods have been properly packaged and accurately described in accordance with the latest version of IATA rules and all carrier rules and government regulations to make them suitable for air transport.

Shipper's Letter of Instruction (Shipper's Letter of Instruction)

Documents that include instructions from the shipper or the shipper’s agent regarding the preparation of documents and the delivery of goods.

STA/STD (Schedule Time of Arrival / Schedule Time of Departure)

Abbreviation for estimated time of arrival/departure

TACT (The Air Cargo Tariff)

The abbreviation of "Air Cargo Tariff" published by the International Aviation Press (IAP) and the International Air Transport Association (IATA).

Freight table (Tariff)

The price, charges and/or related conditions charged by the carrier for the transportation of goods. The freight schedule varies depending on the country, the weight of the goods and/or the carrier.

Vehicle (Unit Load Device)

Any type of container or pallet used to transport goods.

Valuable Cargo

The declared value of the goods has an average gross weight equal to or more than US$1,000 per kilogram, such as gold and diamonds.

Valuation Charge

Cargo transportation charges based on the value of the goods declared at the time of consignment.

Vulnerable Cargo (Vulnerable Cargo)

Goods that have no declared value but obviously need to be handled carefully, or goods that are particularly vulnerable to theft